Pengaruh Penambahan Bubuk Kitosan dari Cangkang Kepiting pada Bahan Basis Gigi Tiruan Resin Akrilik Polimerisasi Panas terhadap Penyerapan Air dan Stabilitas Warna

Abstract

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a commonly used denture base material because it has aesthetic factors and is cheap. The disadvantages of the PMMA denture base are that it fractures easily if it falls on a hard surface, has a high level of porosity, high water absorption and changes color after being worn in the mouth for some time. Water absorption and color stability are one of the properties of polymethyl methacrylate that need to be considered. Water absorption can affect other properties of acrylic resin, such as physical changes and reducing mechanical properties so that the base becomes more easily fractured. To overcome this, reinforcing materials can be provided to increase the mechanical properties of the PMMA denture base material. Chitosan can improve the mechanical properties of PMMA. Chitosan can be produced from waste shells of marine animals that contain chitin, one of which is crab. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of adding chitosan from crab shells to polymethyl methacrylate denture base material on water absorption and color stability. The design of this research is laboratory experimental. The samples in this study consisted of 30 samples measuring 15 mm x 0.5 mm for measuring water absorption and color stability. In each test the samples were divided into 3 groups consisting of the control group and the group with the addition of 5% and 7.5% chitosan concentrations which were soaked in distilled water for 7 days. The research results were analyzed using univariate tests, One-way Anova, LSD test and Kruskal-Wallis Test. The research results obtained a significant value of p = 0.0001 (p <0.05) for water absorption and color stability, a significant value of p = 0.005 (p <0.05). The research results show that there is an effect of adding 5% and 7.5% chitosan powder from crab shells to the hot polymerized acrylic resin denture base material on water absorption and color stability but does not exceed the normal limit for water absorption, namely 0.8 mg/cm2 based on the ADA. No.12 and the normal limit value for color stability is ΔE<3.5.