Hubungan Besar Pembukaan Mulut Maksimum terhadap Tinggi Badan dan Berat Badan pada Anak Suku Melayu Usia 6-12 Tahun di Pantai Gemi-Langkat

Abstract

Maximum mouth opening is defined as "the furthest distance between the incisal edge of the maxilla central incisor to the incisal edge of the mandible central incisor at the midline when the mouth is opened as wide as possible". Maximal mouth opening is used as the first clinical marker of pathological changes or traumatic conditions in the masticatory system. The Indonesian population consists of various tribes, the majority of the population in Medan or what is known as the Deli Sultanate, Langkat and its surroundings are Malays. The maximum mouth opening size is influenced by several factors including age, gender, race, height and weight. This study aims to determine the relationship between maximum mouth opening size and body height and weight in Malay children aged 6-12 years at Pantai Gemi. This type of research is descriptive analytic with cross sectional design. The sample selection technique for this research uses the purposive sampling method. Data collection was carried out by taking measurements and filling out examination sheets on 60 children consisting of 30 boys and 30 girls. Body height is measured using a tape measure (GEA®), body weight using a scale (MINISO), and maximum mouth opening using the Range of Motion Scale (TheraBite® Scale). The research variables were tested using IBM SPSS Statistic 22 which is parametric One Way ANOVA and non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis statistics. The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the maximum mouth opening size with height (p = 0.036) and weight (p = 0.029). The maximum mouth opening size for Malay children aged 6-12 years at 056613 Elementary School Pantai Gemi is 39.48 ± 3.99 mm. The average maximum mouth opening increased in each height category with the largest peak in the highest height category, namely 132.53 - < 156 cm, is 40.73 ± 4.35 mm. The average maximum mouth opening size also increased in each weight category with the largest peak in the heaviest weight category, namely body weight 29.10 - < 56 kg, is 41.67 ± 4.07 mm. This study found that there was a significant difference in the mean maximum mouth opening size for both body height and weight because the p value was ≤ 0.05, so it could be stated that there was a relationship between maximum mouth opening size on height and weight.