Analisis Morfologi, Kristalinitas, dan Rendemen Grafena Berlapis Nano dari Cangkang Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) dengan Metode Pirolisis

Abstract

Research on the analysis of morphology, crystallinity and yield of Graphene Nano Sheet (GNS) from palm kernel shell using pyrolysis method has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to analyze the optimum conditions of temperature (T) and time (t) pyrolysis in converting palm kernel shell into GNS and to analyze the morphological properties, crystallinity and yield of GNS from palm kernel shell from various variations of temperature (T) and time (t) pyrolysis. This research is laboratory experimental research. The production of GNS from palm kernel shell raw materials using pyrolysis method varies in temperature (T) and time (t), namely TPyrolysis-I = 350, 400 and 450 °C; tPyrolysis-I = 2 and 3 hours and TPyrolysis-II = 350 °C; tpirolysis-II = 1 hour The resulting GBN was analyzed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM- EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results of the analysis showed that the optimum pyrolysis conditions to produce GBN products with the best crystallinity and morphology of palm kernel shell were at variations of TPirolysis-I & II = 450 and 350 °C; tpirolysis-I & II = 3 and 1 hour from the XRD data of GNS showing the presence of weak and broadened peaks at C (002) 2θ = 24.2° and C (100) 2θ = 44.2° which were amorphous. The results of the XRD data analysis are supported by SEM-EDX and FTIR data. GNS has a thin layer sheet-shaped morphology with element abundance dominated by carbon (C) atoms at 90.54%, and the results of FTIR analysis show an aromatic carbon sp2 structure at 1565.6 cm-1, and obtained a yield of 17,6 %. All research data show that GNS can be produced from palm kernel shell raw materials, thus palm kernel shell waste can be utilized for GNS production on a large scale.