Hubungan Besar Pembukaan Mulut Maksimum terhadap Maloklusi dan Tipe Wajah Anak dengan Maloklusi Dental Usia 6-12 Tahun di RSGM USU

Abstract

Active maximum mouth opening is the further distance between the edges of central incisors maxillary and mandibular in the midline measured tools. Maximum mouth opening became the important base diagnostic for dentist at the beginning of evaluation process. Maximum mouth opening is influenced by several factor such as malocclusion and facial type. This research aimed to determine the relation between maximum mouth opening and malocclusion and facial type of children with malocclusion between ages 6-12 in University of North Sumatera Dental Hospital.This research is using analytical descriptive with cross sectional approach. The sampling method for this research using purposive sampling. The data is gathered by guided interview, used Range Range of Motion Scale (TheraBite®) to examine the maximum mouth opening. The data of malocclusion also gathered from the medical record and used vernier calipers to examine the facial type. Mean of maximum mouth opening of children between age of 6-12 in University of North Sumatera Dental Hospital are 45,59±3,36 mm. Class III malocclusion has the highest mean of maximum mouth opening 47,66±2,46 and Class II malocclusion has the lowest mean of maximum mouth opening 44,33±3,34 mm. Facial type of Leptoprosopic has the highest mean of maximum mouth opening 46,67±3,21 and facial type of Euryprosopic has the lowest maximum mouth opening 44,14±3,49 mm. Results One Way ANOVA test results show that there is significant relationship in maximum active mouth opening size to malocclusion with a p value of 0.001 and face type with a p value of 0.001. Research further research is expected to correlate other factors to maximum mouth opening such as skeletal occlusion and nutrition.