Jenis-Jenis Anggrek (Orchidaceae) di Taman Nasional Batang Gadis (Resor 8) Sopotinjak Kabupaten Mandailing Natal Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Orchids are ornamental plants highly favored by the community due to their resilience and beauty. Batang Gadis National Park has a year-round tropical climate. This research aims to identify and describe the morphology of Orchidaceae species in Resor 8 Sopotinjak of Batang Gadis National Park, Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatra. The research method employed purposive sampling technique, documenting each discovered Orchidaceae species by photographing every part of their growth, identifying them based on their habitat, and describing their morphology including leaf, stem, root, and flower shapes, sizes, and colors. The study conducted at Resort 8 Sopotinjak, Batang Gadis National Park, Mandailing Natal District, revealed 13 orchid species belonging to 11 genera. Most of the species were epiphytic (11 species), with 2 terrestrial species. Ecological data of orchids in Resor 8 area of Batang Gadis National Park indicated an elevation of 760-1400 meters above sea level, air temperatures ranging from 22-26ºC, humidity up to 93%, soil pH between 5-8, and light intensity of 548-980 cd. In conclusion, the study identified 13 orchid species belonging to 11 genera, consisting of 11 epiphytic species such as Acriopsis liliifolia, Agrostophyllum bicuspidatum, Appendicula cornuta, Bulbophyllum flavescens, B. sulcatum, Coelogyne xyrekes, Cymbidium finlaysonianum, Dendrochilum aurantiacum, Phreatia densiflora, Phreatia sulcata, Oberonia falconeri, and 2 terrestrial species, Arundina graminifolia and Spathoglottis plicata.