Granul Pewarna Makanan Alami dari Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga (Hylocereus polyrhizus) yang Mengandung Antioksidan

Abstract

Background: Dragon fruit peels are often discarded as food waste. Dragon fruit peel contains many compounds that can be used as antioxidants, one of them is anthocyanin, which can also be used as natural colorants. In this study, dragon fruit peel extract was formulated as a natural food colorant in granule form because granules are more physically and chemically stable, the risk of forming cake is lower compared to powder form, and they have good flow properties. Objective: This research aimed to make dragon fruit peel extract formulated into granular form and make dragon fruit peel extract granules that qualify as natural food colorant. Method: The research method was experimental, which includes: making extracts by maceration method using distilled water and 10% citric acid, and making granules by wet granulation method using PVP as a binder with variations of 50 mg, 75 mg, and 100 mg extracts in 250 mg, 375 mg, and 500 mg granules with a total of 9 formulas. Granule evaluation included an organoleptic test, moisture content, flow time, angle of repose, compressibility index and Hausner ratio, dissolving time, and pH. Results: The results showed that the 9 granule formulas qualified for the evaluation test requirements. The result showed that the moisture content of ganules was 1.81%, flow time was 1.96 seconds, angle of repose was 28.76⁰, compressibility index was 8.37 and Hausner ratio was 1.09, dissolving time was around 1.31 minutes, and pH was in the range 3–4. Conclusion: Dragon fruit peel extract can be formulated in granule form. Formula 2, with 75mg extract in 250mg granule and formula 3, with 100mg extract in 250mg granule produced the best color.