Pengaruh Faktor Individu Balita dan Lingkungan Rumah terhadap Kejadian Stunting di Kecamatan Pantai Labu

Abstract

Stunting is a condition of growth failure in children so that they are too short for their age. The nutritional status of stunted toddlers with body length or height for their age is less than -2,0 Standard Deviation (SD) and -3 SD. The prevalence of stunting in Deli Serdang District in 2022 is 15,8 percent. Stunting is caused by direct risk factors and indirect risk factors. Individual and environmental factors are indirect risk factors for stunting. Individuals who have inadequate personal hygiene and sanitation will increase the risk of infectious diseases, infections that occur repeatedly result in inhibition of child growth and even stunting, because energy from food intake is diverted to fight the infection. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of individual factors of toddlers and home environmental factors on the incidence of stunting in Pantai Labu District. The study was conducted in five villages that have been determined to be the locus of stunting in the district, namely Paluh Sibaji, Regemuk, Denai Kuala, Bagan Serdang, and Sei Tuan villages. This research method uses a case control design with the number of case and control samples of 55 mothers each. Data analysis using logistic regression test, the results showed that toddlers personal hygiene (p=0,001; OR=4,259), mothers personal hygiene (p=0,002; OR=4,571), Handwashing with Soap (HWWS) (p=0,001; OR=4,986), and ownership of latrines (p=0,037; OR=2,260) influenced the incidence of stunting in Pantai Labu District. Meanwhile, access to drinking water, waste water disposal facilities, and waste disposal facilities did not affect the incidence of stunting. The most dominant variables that are risk factors for stunting are toddlers’ personal hygiene and poor handwashing with soap with a probability of 76.1 percent. Mothers are expected to further improve personal hygiene practices for both mothers and toddlers and handwashing with soap to reduce the risk of stunting.