Perancangan Alat Pemintal Tali Purun Menggunakan Metode Ergonomic Function Deployment (EFD) di UKM Nasti Purun Serdang Bedagai

Abstract

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in economic growth in the current era of globalisation, both nationally and regionally. The advantages of SMEs are that they use domestically sourced raw materials, employ relatively low-wage labour, and move more quickly in adjusting the use of raw materials and market orientation. One of the SMEs from Indonesian cultural products is the woven purun rope craft. Purun is a wild plant that can adapt well to water or tidal swamps. This research focuses on the design of a purun rope spinning tool at UKM Nasti Purun located in Cinta Air Village, Perbaungan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency where one of the stages of purun processing, namely spinning the purun rope, is still done manually, causing injuries to the toes and hands of workers and experiencing Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSds) complaints due to repetitive bending positions. Through interviews and direct observations, it was found that the work posture of workers when spinning purun ropes manually is an unergonomic posture, this is reinforced by assessing complaints on workers' limbs with the Standard Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ) resulting in a total of complaints on each part of the body, then analysing the work posture using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method which shows a medium risk level. This situation can reduce productivity at Nasti Purun SMEs. Therefore, it is necessary to design a purun rope spinning tool with the Ergonomic Function Deployment (EFD) approach to meet the needs of workers. This study aims to determine workers complaints during the manual purun rope spinning process and to design a purun rope spinning tool according to anthropometric data and workers’ needs. The dimensions of the purun rope spinning tool design are adjusted to the anthropometric data of workers, namely a height of 101 cm and a distance between input funnels of 42 cm. Then, a 3D drawing of the purun rope spinning tool was done using Solidworks 2016 software. With the application of ergonomic design, it is hoped that an effective, comfortable, safe, healthy and efficient posture can be created for workers, so as to increase productivity at Nasti Purun SMEs in Serdang Bedagai