Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Biji Pinang (Areca Catechu L.) terhadap Morfologi dan Histologi Ginjal Tikus (Rattus Norvegicus L.) Jantan yang Diinduksi Aloksan

Abstract

Areca nut is plant often used for traditional medicine, one of which is as an antidiabetic plant that can reduce blood glucose level. Its safety for organs such as the kidneys has not been widely studied so far. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving an ethanol extract of areca nut to the morphology and histology of rat kidneys, which encompassed to the weight, the color, the glomerular diameter, the width of Bowman space gap, the number of normal cells, the hydropic degeneration, and the necrosis of renal proximal tubule epitel cells. This study was conducted from September 2023 to December 2023 using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments, which were normal control without treatment, alloxan control, three treatments given alloxan and areca nut ethanol extract doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kgBW, and one treatment given alloxan and metformin doses of 45 mg/kgBW. The results showed that the administration of ethanol extract of Areca nut from the lowest concentration to the highest dose in the experiment 300 mg/kgBW gives no any negative effects to the kidneys. On other hand, it is able to improve the kidney morphology and the histology. At the highest dose, the kidney weight reached 0,86 grams, glomerular diameter 82,43 μm, and the average number of necrosis cells dropped to 89,45.