Deteksi Molekuler White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) pada Komoditas Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp.) Menggunakan Nested Pcr di Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Abstract

White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is a DNA virus classified into Nimaviridae family and the only type of the genus Whispovirus. WSSV causes white spot disease and also causes mortality in shrimp. WSSV is not only found in shrimp, but also in mud crabs. Mud crabs (Scylla sp.) can be infected with WSSV naturally without showing morphological symptoms. Mud crabs could transmit WSSV to other crustaceans. Therefore, the aim of the study is to detect the WSSV in mud crabs using nested PCR. A total of 47 mud crabs were accepted from Deli Serdang Regency through BKIPM Medan I from October 2023 until February 2024. The parameters observed in this study included morphological observations of mud crabs, molecular detection of WSSV using PCR methods, water quality and prevalency of WSSV attacks on all observed mud crabs. The results showed anatomy symptoms of infection in mud crabs, such as blackened gill edge, but no white patches were found as characteristic of WSSV infection. Based on molecular detection by nested PCR, 5 of 47 mud crab samples were positive infected by WSSV infection which showed DNA fragments at 941 bp. The prevalence value of WSSV infection in 47 mud crabs reached into 10.63%.