Analisis Kalam Insya`I Ṭalabi “Istifham” dalam Surah Aṣ-Ṣāffāt

Abstract

This research discusses about "istifham" in Kalam insya'i Ṭalabi at Balagah study. The purpose of this research is to know the adawat “istifham” and to describe the meaning of kalam insya' i Ṭalabi “istifham” found in the Al-Qur'an surah As-saffāt. This research is a library research using qualitative descriptive analysis methods. This uses research the Balagah theory developed by Jarim and Amin.The technique used to collect data with listening and note-taking techniques whritten by Mahsun. The results of the research stated that in surah As-Saffāt several “istifham” adawats were found, including: there are 16 ayat with the adawat أَ /Hamzah/, 3 ayat with the adawat ماَ /Mā/, 1 ayat with the adawat ماَ /Mā/ and كيفَ /kaifa/, 1 ayat with the adawat ماذاَ /Māżā /, as well as 1 ayat with the adawat منَْ /man/. Each adawat has its own meaning. Adawat أَ /Hamzah/, has the meaning of tasawwur and tasdiq. Adawat ماَ /Mā/ and كيفَ /kaifa/, have the meaning of asking for an explanation of a matter in question. And adawat منَْ /man/ is used to deny (affirm) something. In Surah As-Saffāt, several meanings of istifham are also found, namely: 1 ayat means Nafyi (to negateves), 5 ayat mean Inkar dzi taubih (to know what happened), 2 ayat mean Tamani (to hope that cannot be achieved), 10 ayat means Tahqir (humiliating or humiliating), 1 ayat means Tanbih 'ala al-baṭil (reminds against evil), and 1 ayat means Taqrir (to decides). The conclusion obtained from this research is that the adawat “istifham” contained in the study of Kalam insha'i ṭalabi in the field of balaghah science has various meaning, not only has a haqiqi meaning, but also have an other meaning as kontekstual meanings. That main conditional sentences.