Hubungan Logam Berat Besi (Fe) dan Tembaga (Cu) terhadap Keanekaragaman Makrozoobenthos di Sungai Belawan

Abstract

The study concerns of the relationship between heavy metals iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) to the diversity of macrozoobenthos in Belawan River. This research aimed to analyze the content of heavy metals iron and copper in the Belawan River, and their the relationship between the physicochemical factors of water and the the diversity of macrozoobenthos, and it also to examine the impact of heavy metals iron and copper content on that diversity. This study was conducted from November 2023 to February 2024. There were 5 station locations which were Salam Tani Village, Sunggal Kanan Village, Lalang Village, Klambir 5 Village, and Sicanang Village. Sample collection at each research station was carried out using the “Purposive Sampling” method. The method was carried out based on the activity differences in each area. Macrozoobenthos samples were collected using a Surber Net measuring of 30 cm x 30 cm with three replications on each station. The results obtained from those 5 stations, there are 3 classes of macrozoobenthos identified which are Crustacea, Insecta, and Gastropoda. It comprises of 19 families and 21 genera. The density of macrozoobenthos ranged from 92.57 to 474.02 Ind/m². The diversity index (H') ranged from 0.65 to 1.66, which is considered low. The evenness index (E) values ranged from 0.21 to 0.54, categorized as relatively even. The iron content obtained from 5 stations in the Belawan River ranged from 0.000185 to 0.000626 mg/l, while the copper content ranged from 0.000147 to 0.000263 mg/l. So far, the content of heavy metals iron and copper does not affect the diversity of macrozoobenthos in the Belawan River."