Uji Aktivitas Antibiofilm Ekstrak Umbi tanaman Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

The use of fixed orthodontic appliances is often associated with an increase in the amount of plaque accumulation which can cause periodontal disease and caries. The papuan ant nest plant (Myrmecodia pendans) as antibiofilm is considered capable of overcoming the risks of using fixed orthodontic appliances, such as plaque buildup, caries and periodontal disease.The tubers of this plant are often used as an antibacterial and antibiofilm because they contain secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. The purpose of this research to determine the antibiofilm activity of ant nest tuber plant extract (Myrmecodia pendans) with concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 6.25% against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research was carried out experimentally in a laboratory with post-test only with control group design. The sample in this study was Staphylococcus aureus ATCC®️ 25923TM bacteria culture obtained from the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra. Sample testing uses the microtiter plate method also called the ELISA method which uses a spectrophotometer with an optical density of 595 nm. The results of the study showed that 6.25%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% against Staphylococcus aureus was 39.53 ± 1.943; 50.48±1.095; 33.92±1.295; 29.28±2.062; and 27.39 ± 0.976, while the positive control had an inhibitory percentage value of 58.47 ± 0.838. The results of the one-way ANOVA test obtained a value of p=0.0001 (p<0.05) which means that there is significant antibiofilm activity of ant nest extract against Staphylococcus aureus. However, in the Post Hoc LSD test results for the group of 100% ant nest extract and 75% ant nest extract, a value of p = 0.082 (p> 0.05) was obtained, which means that no significant differences were found. This can happen because the ant nest extract is so concentrated that it causes color spots to remain at the bottom of the microplate. This research concludes that ant nest tuber plant extract has anti-biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with the best concentration at 25%.