Hubungan Besar Pembukaan Mulut Maksimum terhadap Oklusi Dental dan Tipe Wajah pada Anak Suku Melayu Usia 6-12 Tahun di Pantai Gemi-Langkat

Abstract

Maximum mouth opening (MMO) describes the movement ability of mandible and musculatory function. Size of MMO is known different in each race. The majority of Medanese historically is Malay tribe so normal MMO data is important because previous research in Indonesia done in Batak tribe 17-22 age group. MMO is influenced by several factors such dental occlusion and facial type. This study aims to determine relationship between maximum mouth opening to dental occlusion and facial type in Malay children aged 6-12 years in Pantai Gemi-Langkat. This study is descriptive analytic with cross sectional design. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The samples is 60 two-generation Malay tribe children. Facial index measured using Krisbow® digital calipers, dental occlusion with Angle’s occlusion, MMO with Range of Motion Scale (TheraBite®). Univariate analysis present frequency and percentage distribution tables, bivariate analysis using One Way ANOVA see relationship between MMO on both variables and Post Hoc LSD see relationship between groups. The mean MMO of Malay children aged 6-12 years was 39.48 ± 3.99 mm, which smaller than Batak tribe aged 17-22 years. The results study showed there is a significant difference mean of MMO to dental occlusion and facial type with p value ≤ 0.05. The hyperleptoprosopic face type is the most common and has the largest MMO in this study, but can change as growth and development because research of facial type in Malaysia aged 19-30 years shows that mesoprosopic is the most common found.