| dc.description.abstract | Energy needs are increasing from time to time due to technological developments and population growth. Energy is needed to carry out economic activities. This research was conducted to investigate biodiesel production from used cooking oil (WCO) and neem oil using the overhead stirrer mixing method. The main objective is to optimize pilot scale biodiesel production as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels. This research explores the influence of reaction time and catalyst concentration (KOH) on the yield and quality of biodiesel produced from a mixture of WCO and neem oil. Biodiesel is synthesized through transesterification and esterification processes. This study found that the optimal reaction time for the highest biodiesel yield was 75 minutes, with a catalyst concentration of 1% producing 94.50% and 2% producing 93.62%. The biodiesel produced meets the requirements of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for viscosity, density, cetane number, flash point and heating value. This study concluded that the overhead stirrer mixing method, with a reaction time of 75 minutes and catalyst concentrations of 1% and 2%, produced the highest biodiesel yield. Biodiesel characteristics comply with SNI standards and are suitable for application in boiler burners. This research contributes to the utilization of waste cooking oil and Qimba seeds, which are inedible, as a source of renewable and clean energy, which has the potential to reduce environmental pollution and provide a sustainable alternative to conventional fossil fuels | en_US |
