Prarancangan Pabrik Asam Lemak dari Biji Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) dengan Kapasitas Produksi 2.500 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Fatty acids are organic compounds produced from plant and animal processing. Fatty acids are widely used in the leather, waxes, foundries, rubber, soaps and detergents, paints and coatings, electronics, paper and printing, health and body care, lubricating oils, and so on, so this potential can be utilized to establish a fatty acid plant to meet the needs of various industries for raw materials. The main purpose of this preliminary plant is to apply the discipline of chemical engineering, so that it will provide an overview of the feasibility of establishing a fatty acid plant and designing a direct fatty acid production process from Jatropha curcas L. seeds without going through a crude oil producing plant first. Preliminary plant design of a fatty acid from Jatropha curcas L. seeds uses a direct hydrolysis reaction of Jatropha curcas L. seeds by activating the lipase enzyme in the seeds with a capacity of 2,500 tons/year. The main process in this preliminary plant design consists of two stages, namely the direct hydrolysis reaction stage of Jatropha curcas L. seeds by activating the lipase enzyme in the seeds and the separation stage consisting of extraction, centrifugation, and distillation processes. The plant will be planned to be established in Kambera District, East Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province with a land area of 12,000 m2; the required labor is 279 people with a business entity in the form of a limited liability company led by a director with a line and staff organization system. The establishment and operation of the plant required capital investments of Rp. 148.758.665.851,00 and total production costs of Rp. 94.333.908.458,00. Based on economic analysis, the plant has a PM of 19.9935%, BEP of 56.5039%, ROI of 18.6509%, RON of 31.0848%, POT for 5.3617 years, and IRR of 18.7382%. From the results of economic analysis, it can be concluded that the preliminary plant design of fatty acid from Jatropha curcas L. seeds with a production capacity of 2,500 tons/year is feasible.