Identifikasi Molekuler dan Analisis Filogenetik Ikan Famili Carangidae di Tangkahan Pulau Tello Kabupaten Nias Selatan Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Surrounding the waters of South Nias are two large bodies of water, namely the Andaman Sea and the Malacca Strait. Differences in current patterns expand the distribution range and coupled with differences in geographical location cause more variation in a species. The increasing demand for Caranx type fish on the market makes these fish vulnerable to extinction if not managed properly, so molecular scientific data is needed for fisheries management. The aim of this research is to look at the genetic pattern of Carangidae from Nias waters using the COI mitochondrial DNA Barcoding gene. This research was conducted from October to November 2023 and samples were taken from several adjacent steps. The extraction method was carried out using a modified Chelex protocol. In this study, 8 sequences were produced. In the phylogenetic tree, C.sexfasciatus is divided into 4 different haplotypes, combined into 4 different clades due to the distribution of matings of the same species in the population, as evidenced by the presence of the same haplotype at the location of the nest. The diversity values of 8 sample sequences are combined into 2 large clades and have an accuracy of 99% between other C.sexfasciatus clades forming 7 subclades of species Caranx sexfasciatus, Caranx ignobilis, and Carangodes ferdau which have varying bootstrap values of 52%, 57%, 64%, 83%, 100%. The farthest nucleotide distance between samples and collectors C.sexfas3 and C.sexfas4 is 0.0063 different haplotype OQ387298, and the closest is C.sexfas1 and C.sexfas2 with the species C.sexfas5 subcalde nearby, and the value of the farthest genetic distance varies between genera in C ignobilis with Carangoides ferdau and shows that these three species are still closely related.