Prarancangan Pabrik Asam Stearat Menggunakan Proses Continuous Fat Splitting dan Hidrogenasi dari Bahan Baku CPO dengan Kapasitas Produksi 150.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid with a carbon chain of 18. Stearic acid is widely used in chemical industries such as the rubber, cosmetics, candles, pharmaceuticals and many others. One source of fatty acids that is available in abundance is CPO. Currently, Indonesian CPO production dominates the world market, but there is still a lot of CPO that is exported in raw condition, while CPO itself has many derivatives, therefore it is necessary to build a factory to downstream CPO. The main objective of this factory design is to apply the discipline of Chemical Engineering, so that it will provide an overview of the feasibility of establishing a stearic acid factory and designing a stearic acid production process from CPO raw materials. Pre-design of a stearic acid factory from CPO raw materials using a continuous fat splitting process and hydrogenation with a production capacity of 150,000 tons/year. The main process in factory design consists of 3 stages. The first stage of CPO preparation includes: dedumming and bleaching. The second stage is the reaction stage where the oil will be hydrolyzed using a process continuous fat splitting and continued with hydrogenation to convert unsaturated fatty acids into saturated fatty acids. The third stage is product purification which uses a distillation process to form 2 products, namely stearic acid and palmitic acid. This factory is planned to be established in the Sei Mengkei Special Economic Zone, Bosar Maligas District, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province with a required land area of 26,100 m2, the total workforce required is 164 people with a business entity in the form of a limited liability company led by a main director with a line and staff organization system. The establishment and operation of a factory requires investment capital of Rp. 4,363,260,194,626.00 and production costs of Rp. 6,200,399,252,401.00. Based on economic analysis, this factory has a PM of 12.1164%, BEP of 40.0866%, ROI of 15.2922%, RON of 25.4870%, POT of 6.5 years, and IRR of 15.3669%. From the results of the economic analysis, it can be concluded that this factory is worth establishing.