Analisis Konflik Masyarakat dengan Orangutan Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis) dan Upaya Mitigasinya di Kecamatan Marancar, Tapanuli Selatan

Abstract

The Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) is an endemic animal whose natural distribution only remains in Tapanuli and classified as a critically endangered. The extinction of orangutans is caused by habitat conversion for agriculture, competition for natural resources, killing of orangutans, hunting for their meat or trading as pets. This research is needed to identify the types and factors that cause conflict between communities and orangutans, as well as analyze the impact of conflict on the community's economy and find alternative solutions and mitigation for community conflicts with orangutans and maximize its implementation in Aek Nabara Village and Tanjung Dolok Village, Marancar District. The method used is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the type of conflict between humans and orangutans in Aek Nabara Village and Tanjung Dolok Village is that orangutans come to eat and damage the harvest of the community's garden, reducing community income and the average loss in Aek Nabara Village on 26.3% / month from the initial income and in Tanjung Dolok Village on average 26.01% / month. Alternative solutions and mitigation that can be done related to community conflicts with orangutans are local governments and related Non Government Organisations (NGOs) work together to socialize and empower communities about the importance of preserving orangutans, local governments and NGOs must also be responsive in evacuating or translocating orangutans in the event of a conflict.