Optimasi Ekstraksi Kayu Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni) dan Aplikasinya sebagai Zat Warna Alami Agen Antibakteri Antioksidan pada Tekstil

Abstract

The textile industry in Indonesia is currently showing quite rapid development. The development of natural dyes for Indonesia has great potential because it is rich in plant species that can produce dyes. The use of natural dyes is the answer to environmental damage caused by synthetic dyes. This research was conducted to analyze the potential of sawdust waste, namely mahogany wood, as a textile dye and determine the optimum temperature and time for extracting dyes as well as antibacterial, antioxidant, phenolic and anti-UV agents found in mahogany wood. Based on research results of fastness testing after washing 80 times, the color difference value (ΔE) is on the medium and small color influence scale. Mahogany wood has a high antioxidant value ranging from 33.985% to 60.335% in extracts, 81.076% to 87.713% in dyed fabrics and 78.236% to 88.371% in ecoprint fabrics. Meanwhile, the phenolic value of mahogany wood extract ranges from 45.33 mg/g to 58.03 mg/g. Fabric with mahogany dye has a very low antibacterial value for gram-negative E. coli and gram-positive S. aureus bacteria ranging from 0.00% to 20.37% for dyeing and ecoprint techniques and for anti- UV value, mahogany wood extract able to block very small values of UVA. SEM observations were carried out on fabric that had been dyed, and the surface structure of the fabric was analyzed.