Etnobotani Pohon Sikkam (Bischofia javanica Blume.) di Kabupaten Simalungun Sumatera Utara

Abstract

The plant with the latin name B. javanica Blume or known as "Sikkam" is a plant that has long been known as an ingredient in traditional medicine and a natural dye for rattan and bamboo weaving. This research was conducted to determine the use, processing methods, conservation and maintenance of Sikkam plants by the Simalungun community. The semi-structured interview method is used to collect data, namely by interviewing selected respondents with several questions that have been prepared beforehand, then these questions can be developed to obtain deeper information. Sources are determined using the "Snowball Sampling" technique or carried out in a series by asking for information and recommendations for further potential sources from sources who have been interviewed previously. Vegetation analysis activities in the field are also carried out using purposive sampling techniques in determining observation plots. Data resulting from vegetation analysis were analyzed using the Important Value Index (INP) and Species Diversity Index calculations. Based on the results of interviews with 33 native respondents in three villages of Simalungun district, including Sirube-rube Village, Sipolha Harison and Pondok Buluh, 14 uses of sikkam were used as ingredients for traditional medicine and 10 uses as spices in traditional dishes. The highest ICS value of medicine is found in the use of diarrhea medicine with an ICS value of 30%, while the highest use as a spice is Dayok Nabinatur, 50%. The results of the vegetation analysis show that the highest important index value for B. javanica Blume is at the tree level, namely 40 trees with a total percent INP of (45.65%).