Efektifitas Serbuk Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.) dan Biji Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni L. Jacq) sebagai Biopestisida Nabati terhadap Mortalitas Kutu Beras (Sitophilus oryzae L.)

Abstract

Rice has become an important issue, closely tied to inadequate post-harvest handling and storage. Effective post-harvest management is crucial in reducing damage caused by pests, especially Sitophilus oryzae L., which can result in 5-15% damage to stored gains. This study aims to identify and analyze the impact of varying concentrations of geen betel leaf (Piper betle L.) powder extract, mahogany seeds (Swietenia mahagoni L.), and their mixture on the mortality of rice weevils. The study utilized a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments (including a control) and five replications. It employed adult S. oryzae L., with concentration ranges of geen betel leaf powder, mahogany seeds, and their mixture at 2, 4, 6, and 8 gams. Mortality was measured daily for seven days, and data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson Correlation, Probit LC50 and LT50, and insecticide effectiveness calculations. Results showed that the highest rice weevil mortality (15.6%) occurred with 8 gams of geen betel leaf powder (treatment A4). Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between concentration and rice weevil mortality (r = 0.522). Additionally, a significant correlation (r = 0.692) was observed between concentration and the time required for rice weevil mortality. Calculated effectiveness indicated that the 8-gam concentration of geen betel leaf powder achieved 70% effectiveness, meeting success criteria. In conclusion, geen betel leaf powder demonstrates potential as an effective botanical insecticide against rice weevils.