Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Jamur Susu Harimau (Lignosus rhinocerus (Cooke) Ryvarden) sebagai Antimikrob dan Antiaflatoksin Galur-Galur Aspergillus flavus

Abstract

Tiger milk mushroom (Lignosus rhinocerus (Cooke) Ryvarden) is known for its various health benefits. This study aims to evaluate the potential of ethanol extract from tiger milk mushroom as an antimicrobial and antiaflatoxin agent against strains of Aspergillus flavus. The ethanol extract was obtained from the sclerotia of Lignosus rhinocerus through a maceration process. Phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract of Lignosus rhinocerus showed that the extract tested positive for alkaloids and glycosides, while GC-MS analysis detected 29 compounds, with ambrettolide being the main compound. Antibacterial and antiyeast activities using the disk diffusion method showed the largest inhibition zone against Streptococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, measuring 18.7 ± 0.7 mm. Antifungal activity using the addition of extract to Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium showed the greatest mycelial growth inhibition against Aspergillus niger, at 57%. Isolation of A. flavus from corn yielded 7 isolates whose characteristics matched identification manuals both macroscopically and microscopically. Toxigenicity testing using Coconut Agar Medium (CAM) and Trigit software indicated that out of the 7 A. flavus strains obtained, 5 were toxigenic and 2 were non-toxigenic, with the AF6 isolate showing the most intense yellow pigment. The AF6 isolate was then tested for aflatoxin inhibition by adding ethanol extract of Lignosus rhinocerus to CAM and PDA media, showing inhibition of mycelial growth both macroscopically and microscopically, as well as a reduction in yellow pigment. These findings suggest that L. rhinocerus holds great promise as an antimicrobial and antiaflatoxin agent, applicable in the food and agricultural industries to improve food safety and manage aflatoxin contamination.