Pembuatan Edible Film Antibakteri dari Pati Fosfat Umbut Kelapa Gading (C. Nucifera var eburnea) yang Diinkorporasi dengan Kitosan-Nisin

Abstract

Edible starch phosphate film was obtained from the starch of ivory coconut shoots (C. Nucifera var eburnea) which was modified by cross-linking using trisodium trimetaphosphate with a weight of 0.9 g of trisodium trimetaphosphate for 60 minutes and incorporated chitosan-nisin solution as an antibacterial. The formation of starch phosphate is supported by the FT-IR spectrum with the appearance of the P-O-C group at wave numbers 1050-995 cm-1. The results of measuring the degree of substitution in starch phosphate were 0.64. Edible film is made from phosphate starch of ivory palm shoots (C. Nucifera var eburnea) using sorbitol as a plasticizer and incorporating a chitosan-nisin solution as an antibacterial. The results of FT-IR analysis showed that the edible film starch phosphate of ivory coconut shoots was successfully incorporated with chitosan-nisin with the discovery of absorption bands of 1646.48 cm-1 and 1545.23 cm-1, indicating that the amino group bonds were formed at NH2 in chitosan. SEM analysis shows that the surface morphology of the edible film incorporated with chitosan-nisin solution as an antibacterial appears to be starting to become flat and dense. The results of the characterization of antibacterial edible film from phosphate starch of ivory coconut shoots (C. Nucifera var eburnea) which was incorporated with chitosan-nisin include: thickness = 0.25 mm, tensile strength = 0.316 MPa, elongation = 68.82%, WVTR value = 0.0848 Kg/s/m2, solubility value = 73.97%. Edible film containing chitosan-nisin solution with chitosan-nisin concentrations of 0.1% (w/v), 0.2% (w/v) 0.3% (w/v) and 0.4% (w/ v) as an antibacterial, its antibacterial activity has been tested using the agar method against several gram-positive (S. aureus) and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella spp, and E. coli). Edible film containing chitosan-nisin solution as the most potential antibacterial in inhibiting pathogenic bacteria at a chitosan nisin concentration of 0.4% (w/v) with an inhibition zone for S. aureus of 29.9 mm, Salmonella spp of 30.6 mm and E. coli, namely 28.2 mm. Antibacterial edible film from phosphate starch of ivory coconut shoots (C. Nucifera var eburnea) which is incorporated with chitosan-nisin is sensitive to patogenic bacteria.