Keragaman Genetik Beberapa Kultivar Padi Gogo Lokal Asal Kecamatan Batang Lubu Sutam Kabupaten Padang Lawas Menggunakan Marka Molekuler RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)

Abstract

Local gogo rice cultivars of Padang Lawas Regency have been abandoned by the farmers due to the flaws. However, by using RAPD molecular markers expected to identify superior traits in upland rice plants so that their genetic potential can be improved. This research aimed to determine the genetic diversity of upland rice from Padang Lawas Regency based on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) molecular markers. This research conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra from October 2023 to April 2024. The genetic materials used in this research were 14 introduced local upland rice cultivars. These samples isolated and amplified using 5 RAPD primers, namely OPB 7, OPD 2, OPC 19, OPD 8, and OPD 11. Determination of band length using UVITEC Cambridge FireReader software with sizes varying between 163 - 1088 bp. Cluster analysis using the UPGMA method and PCoA analysis using MVSP software. Based on PCoA analysis, 3 samples were distributed, namely Sibara Putih, Siperak, and Sioppaboru. Amplification with 5 RAPD primers resulted in a percentage of polymorphic bands of 100%. The results of cluster analysis showed that the 14 cultivars were divided into 2 main groups with a similarity coefficient of 0.4 - 1. Siperak and Silumutpaon cultivars have the most distant genetic relationship based on 5 RAPD primers with a similarity value of 0.12.