| dc.description.abstract | Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop in Indonesia. Rice production can be increased through expanding the planting area and using superior varieties. One way to develop new superior varieties is through mutation induction. This research aims to determine the effect of EMS on the growth and production of several lowland rice varieties. This research was carried out at the Green House, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, October 2023-March 2024. This research used a factorial randomized block design (RAK), with two treatment factors and three replications. The rice variety factor consisted of 3 levels: IR64, Ciherang, Inpari 32. The EMS concentration factor consisted of 3 levels: 0% (control), 0.5%, 1%. EMS treatment was carried out when the seeds were soaked for 4 hours. Rice seeds were sown in trays. Selected seedlings were planted in planting tubs. The observation variables consisted of seedling growth, plant height, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, flowering age, harvest age, number of panicles, panicle length, total panicle weight, weight of grain, weight of 100 grains, percentage of weight of pithy grain. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's test at α=5%. The research results showed that rice variety factor had a significant effect on seedling growth, plant growth, number of panicles and panicle length. The highest number of tillers and number of panicles were found in the Ciherang variety. The EMS concentration factor had a significant effect on seedling height and panicle length. Interaction factor had a significant effect on seedling height. Rice seedlings of the IR 64 variety that were treated with 0.5% EMS had the best growth. Rice plants of the Ciherang variety that were treated with 1% EMS had the best growth and production as well as faster flowering and harvest times compared to the control. | en_US |
