Analisis Potensi Erosi Tanah dengan Model Rusle Menggunakan Penginderaan Jauh dan GIS - Studi Kasus Kabupaten Aceh Barat

Abstract

West Aceh Regency has a high potential for soil erosion, which can cause natural disasters such as landslides and floods. This research aims to analyze the potential for soil erosion in West Aceh Regency using the RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) model with remote sensing and GIS. The input data used in this research are rainfall data for 2019-2023, soil type maps, KLHK land cover maps for 2022, and National Digital Elevation Model (DEMNAS) data. The research results show that the factors that have the most influence on soil erosion are rainfall, soil erodibility, slope slope, and land cover conditions. The highest erosion rate in the study area reached 2,470.97 tonnes/hectare/year, while the lowest erosion rate reached 0.066 tonnes/hectare/year. The average erosion rate in West Aceh Regency is 170.58 tons/hectare/year, with total soil loss reaching 47,546,472.95 tons/year. Mining activities in West Aceh Regency have caused significant land cover changes, which have an impact on increasing the rate of soil erosion. The rate of soil erosion in coal mining areas after mining projects reached 2.567.585,80 tons/year. This research shows that the RUSLE model with remote sensing and GIS can be used to accurately analyze the potential for soil erosion in West Aceh Regency. The results of this research can be used as a basis for developing strategies to control soil erosion in West Aceh Regency, especially in coal mining areas.