| dc.description.abstract | Oil palm is an important tropical plant producer of vegetable oil as a source of
Indonesian currency. The presence of oil palm superior seed is necessary to increase
productivity. Tissue culture becomes the only vegetative production that can be in
oil palm to preserve the superior material used in sustainable breeding programs.
The research consists of two phases: the first phase is on an oil palm tissue culture
with some genotypes, with the aim of identifying the embryogenic genotypes of oil
palm to improve the efficiency of the process. Then the research continues to
identify the embryogenic genes that were associated with the somatic embryogenic
formation in oil palm tissue culture. The first phase of research was conducted using
the somatic embryogenic method with young leaf explants of 39 oil palm genotypes
for the development of high-production and disease-tolerant breeding programs.
This study, with the observation parameters of percentage of induction of callus
formed (%), somatic induction of embryos formed (%), embryo maturation and
germination (%), and correlation between each other, analyzed the content of
endogenous hormones in embryogenic callus, non-embryogenic callus, somatic
embryos, and plantlets. Next the phase with moleculer studies conducted DNA
amplification with the specific primers, continued sequencing, alignment, and blast
using bioinformatics analysis of the sequence results. The study also analyzed
functional annotations based on David Bioinformatics for all embryogenic genes
found in the study with the role of each gene in the biological processes in the oil
palm clones was observed.
According to the results of tissue culture research, the genotypes were significantly
different in terms of callus formation, embryos, and germination. The study
successfully cloned 26 oil palm genotypes that were identified as embryogenic
clones in the medium culture used. The results of the moleculer research obtained
four specific primers successfully for sequencing genes that were associated with
embryogenesis genes in oil palm. The genes were successfully identified along with
the physico-chemical characteristics of the gene, protein structure predictions, and
phylogenetics so that the percentage of genetic similarity of each genotype. The
bystin gene plays a role in ribosome biogenesis, rRNA processing, embryogenic
sac development, and pollen development. The gene cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1
(CCR1) plays a role in lignin biosynthesis, circadian rhythm, response to cold, and
phosphorylation. The IAA-amino acid hydrolase gene ILR1-like1 (ILR1) plays a
role in auxin metabolic processes, and the enolase2 gene plays a role in glycolytic
processes, response to cold, light stimulus responses, and abscisic acid responses. | en_US |
