Pengaruh Variasi Seng Oksida terhadap Karakteristik Bioplastik dari Pati Limbah Batang Kelapa Sawit

Abstract

Bioplastic made from palm oil waste starch as an alternative solution to overcome environmental problems because bioplastic is easily decomposed in the soil. This study aims to make environmentally friendly bioplastic made from palm oil waste starch with the addition of zinc oxide filler and glycerol plasticizer. The manufacture of bioplastic was carried out with a composition of 6 g starch, 1 ml glycerol and variations of zinc oxide of 0%, 8%, 9% and 10%. The resulting starch was analyzed for its functional groups using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrosco py (FTIR) and morphology using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) first and the resulting bioplastic was tested for functional groups, morphology, tensile strength, elongation at break and biodegradation. The FTIR results of starch showed the presence of O-H groups with a wave number of 3290 cm-1, C-H with a wave number of 2922 cm-1 and the presence of C-O-C strains with a wave number of 927 cm-1. SEM morphology results of starch showed a smooth and uncracked surface with an average granule size of 8.57 μm. The FTIR test of bioplastics showed that the O-H and C-H functional groups experienced a frequency shift and zinc oxide was detected at a wave number of 500 cm-1. The SEM test of bioplastics showed a rough surface due to uneven dispersion of zinc oxide. Bioplastics that have the best tensile strength mechanical properties are in the zinc oxide variation of 9% with a value of 1.1973 MPa. Bioplastics with the best elongation at break are in the zinc oxide variation of 8% with a value of 144%. Bioplastics that have the best degradation value are in the variation without the addition of zinc oxide of 75.9%.