Analisis Jarak dan Pajanan Base Transceiver Station serta Keluhan Gangguan Tidur pada Penduduk Sekitarnya di Kecamatan Bajenis Kota Tebing Tinggi

Abstract

A Base Transceiver Station (BTS) is crucial in transmitting and receiving signals in wireless communication. As BTS numbers and density increase, concerns about electromagnetic wave exposure on human health have risen. This study focuses on residents living near BTS towers in Bajenis District, aiming to assess house distance from BTS towers, exposure levels of electromagnetic waves (electric fields, magnetic fields, and power density), and sleep disturbances among residents. The research is a descriptive analysis with a Cross-Sectional design, involving 98 respondents. Distance was measured using Google Earth, exposure using the BENETECH GM3120 Electromagnetic Radiation Tester, and sleep disturbances using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results showed most houses (40.8%) were 76-100 m from BTS towers. The majority of incident electric field exposure was in class 2 (42.9%), magnetic field in class 1 (93.9%), and power density in class 1 (93.9%). Additionally, 94.9% of respondents had poor sleep quality. The study concluded that most residents live at a relatively safe distance from BTS towers, though some are very close. While electric field exposure varies and can be high, magnetic field and power density exposures are generally safe, with a few dangerous points. Most respondents suffer from poor sleep quality. Suggestions include regular monitoring by the government and BTS operators, implementation of electromagnetic wave exposure regulations, development of more environmentally friendly BTS technology, and public education to improve understanding and sleep quality.