Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Kepadatan Penduduk dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia terhadap Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the extent to which the variables of Economic Growth, Population Density, and the Human Development Index affect the Environmental Quality Index in Indonesia. The data used in this study are panel data from 2020 to 2022, covering 34 provinces in Indonesia. The data were obtained from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. This is a quantitative study that employs panel data regression analysis, with Economic Growth, Population Density, and the Human Development Index as independent variables and the Environmental Quality Index as the dependent variable. Data processing was conducted using Eviews 12, and this study uses panel data analysis with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) method. The results of this study indicate that the Economic Growth variable has a positive but not significant effect, while the Population Density variable has a negative but not significant effect on environmental quality in Indonesia. On the other hand, the Human Development Index variable has a positive and significant effect on environmental quality in Indonesia.