Prarancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Nitroselulosa dari Selulosa Kulit Jagung dan Asam Nitrat dengan Kapasitas Produksi 7.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Corn is an agricultural crop that is widely found in Indonesia. The impact of the large amount of corn consumed causes an increase in corn husk waste produced. Corn husks contain cellulose which can be used as a raw material for making nitrocellulose. Nitrocellulose is a flammable, sensitive, white and yellow substance, and has the molecular formula (C6H7O2(ONO2)3)n. Nitrocellulose can be used as a material for making plastics, paints, lacquers, adhesives, and explosive raw materials. Currently, nitrocellulose needs are still imported from several countries. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a factory to meet domestic nitrocellulose needs. The predesign manufacture of a nitrocellulose from corn husk cellulose and nitric acid has a capacity of 7,000 tons/year. The main processes of this plant consist of the pulp forming process, the nitration process, and the stabilization and neutralization process. This plan is planned to be established in the Sei Mangkei Special Economic Zone (KEK) area, Bosar Maligas District, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra with an area of 17,929.32 m2. The water needs are sourced from the Bah Bolon River. The total of workers needed is 208 people with a business entity in the form of a limited liability company (PT) and a line and staff organization system. The establishment and operation of the plant requires an investment capital of IDR 599.714.788.400 and production costs of IDR 443.446.427.806. Based on economic analysis, this plant has a PM of 26,24%, BEP of 41,02%, ROI of 18,78%, RON of 31,29%, POT for 5,3 years, and an IRR of 18,14%. From the results of the economic analysis, it can be concluded that this plant is feasible to establish.