Analisis Daya Saing dan Faktor Pengaruh Ekspor Udang Indonesia Ke Negara - Negara Importir Utama

Abstract

Shrimp is a leading export commodity of Indonesia in the fisheries and marine sector, making Indonesia one of the world's main shrimp exporters. However, the level of Indonesian shrimp production and the level of Indonesian shrimp exports still show quite significant differences and gaps. Thus, this study aims to see whether Indonesia has strong competitiveness and what factors influence the volume of Indonesian shrimp exports to major importing countries. This study is quantitative by considering the variables of Indonesia's real GDP, real GDP of major importing countries, Indonesian shrimp trade value, competitor shrimp trade value and the IHK of major importing countries to countries as major importers of Indonesian shrimp. The study uses time series data for 30 years starting from 1994 to 2023, with secondary data published by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD) Comtrade Database, World Bank, Centre d'Etudes Prospectives et d'Informations (CEPII), Central Statistics Agency (BPS), KKP, ITC Trade Map, World Trade Organization and Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED). Data processing using the Eviews 10 program, and this study uses revealed comparative advantage analysis, revealed symmetric comparative advantage and multiple linear regression methods. The results of the study indicate that the competitiveness of Indonesian shrimp commodities to major importing countries is relatively strong and simultaneously all variables show a significant influence on the volume of Indonesian shrimp exports to major importing countries. Meanwhile, individually all variables other than Indonesia's real GDP show a significant influence on the volume of Indonesian shrimp exports to major importing countries.