Pengembangan Vascular Bundles Limbah Batang Sawit sebagai Bahan Baku Benang Komersial dengan Menggunakan Metode Kimia

Abstract

Commercial yarns are generally dominated by cotton. Currently, Indonesia could not meet the demand for domestic cotton production, so it is expected to have other natural resources that produce cellulose fibers as an alternative raw material that can be met domestically. One of the cellulose fibers that can be used as an alternative is oil palm trunk waste. The purpose of this study was to analyse the physical and mechanical properties of commercial yarn from vascular bundles of oil palm trunk waste using treatments with and without bleaching. Vascular bundles that have been separated according to granted patent number IDS000006288 were pulped using a digester with the help of 20% (w/v) of sodium hydroxide for 2 hours and then bleached with the help of sodium hypochlorite for 15-20 minutes. Results of testing of the quality of fibers pulp for each treatment were obtained yields ranging from 50.61% and 51.56%, moisture content ranging from 6.78% and 6.14%, hemicellulose content ranging from 12.58% and 14.91%, cellulose content ranging from 52.61% and 52.65%, and lignin content ranging from 17.31% and 20.82%. The results of testing the tensile strength of the yarn for each treatment were 191.33 MPa and 420.07 Mpa. The results of the yarn creep strength test for each treatment were 14.83% and 11.56%. The results of the yarn fineness test for each treatment are 2.67 Tex and 2.50 Tex. Based on the results of the analysis of variance did not influence significantly on the bleached treatment.