Pertumbuhan dan Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Kembung Lelaki (Rastrelliger kanagurta) yang Didaratkan di Tangkahan Teluk Nibung Kota Tanjung Balai Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

The Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) is one of the small pelagic fish species landed at Tangkahan Teluk Nibung, Tanjung Balai City, North Sumatra Province. This research aims to study the growth, mortality and exploitation rate, as well as the reproductive biology of Indian Mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) landed at Tangkahan Teluk Nibung. The research was conducted from March to May 2024 using a random purposive sampling method, with sample collection conducted once per month. A total of 144 Indian Mackerel samples were collected during the study, with a total length ranging from 218 to 272 mm and a total weight ranging from 133 to 237 grams. The analysis of length-weight relationship showed that the growth pattern of Indian Mackerel is negative allometric, with the condition factor values categorized as flat, ranging from 0.849 to 1.134. Based on growth parameters using the von Bertalanffy equation, male Indian Mackerel had L∞ (274.52), K (0.64), and t0 (0.86), while female Indian Mackerel had L∞ (275.90), K (0.50), and t0 (0.75). The total mortality rate (Z) was calculated at 3.04, fishing mortality (F) at 1.76, natural mortality (M) at 1.27, and the exploitation rate (E) at 0.58, indicating overfishing. The reproductive analysis showed that the sex ratio of Indian Mackerel was balanced at 1:1.11. The gonad maturity stages of Indian Mackerel were found to be in TKG I to TKG IV, with egg fecundity ranging from 1,366 to 44,368 eggs. Based on egg diameter, Indian Mackerel is categorized as a partial spawner