Karakter Morfologi dan Analisis Kandungan Amilosa pada Jagung (Zea mays L.) Varietas Bonanza dan Srikandi Ungu

Abstract

Maize is one of the most important secondary crops in Indonesia, corn is the best alternative food ingredient besides rice. The important nutritional content of maize is carbohydrates and fat. Maize carbohydrates consist of starch, sugar, crude fiber and pentosans. Maize starch consists of amylose and amylopectin, while the sugar is sucrose. The research aims to determine the amylose levels found in maize, as well as to determine the vegetative and generative characters of bonanza and purple heroine maize varieties. This research was carried out using an experimental method without a design by taking samples for each variety. The research uses descriptive methods. Data analysis was carried out to determine amylose levels, phenotypic variation values and standard deviation. The results of the research showed that the amylose content in the purple Srikandi variety had an average of 54.185%, while in the Bonanza variety the average was 46.940%. The qualitative characters of plant shape, seed color, seed shape, color of tassel and silk have differences in color and shape between the two varieties. The qualitative characters of plant form, seed color, seed shape, color of male and female flowers have differences in color and shape between the two varieties. The value of various phenotypes in the bonanza and purple Srikandi varieties has various or extensive criteria in terms of ear length, number of rows, number of seeds, seed weight, weight of 100 seeds and amylose levels. Meanwhile, cob diameter has criteria that are narrow.