Pengaruh Lama Waktu Vernalisasi dan Aplikasi GA3 terhadap Peningkatan Pembungaan dan Produksi Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)

Abstract

Increasing shallot production is faced with the problem of availability of quality seeds due to a decrease in productivity that is much lower than its potential caused by the continuous use of bulbs as planting material. Therefore, the Ministry of Agriculture promotes the use of botanical seeds or True Seed of Shallot (TSS) as planting material. In producing TSS in Indonesia, there is a major obstacle, namely the low flowering ability of shallot plants. One way to overcome this problem is to stimulate flowering with low temperature treatment (vernalization). Vernalization treatment to increase flowering in the lowlands needs to be strengthened by the provision of growth regulators, such as GA3. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the length of vernalization time and GA3 application on increasing flowering and shallot production. This study was conducted in the Pasar 1 area, Tanjung Sari District, Medan, North Sumatra in February-April 2024. This study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor is the length of vernalization time consisting of without vernalization; 2 and 4 weeks. The second factor is the application of GA3 consisting of without GA3; 100 and 200 ppm. The results of the research showed that the vernalization time of 4 weeks had a significant effect on plant height at 3-6 weeks of planting and the number of leaves of shallot plants. Application of 200 ppm GA3 significantly increased the length of shallot plants at 2 weeks of planting. There was no interaction between the length of vernalization time and GA3 application on increasing flowering and onion production.