Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi Daun Gagatan Harimau (Ampelocissus thyrsiflora (Blume) Planch.) serta Analisis KLT-Bioautografi

Abstract

Background : Gagatan harimau plant is one type of plant that is often used by the Karo community as a remedy for diarrhea, a tonic, and is reported to contain secondary metabolites with antibacterial properties. Based on research, it is known that the leaves of Gagatan harimau contain alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, and tannins. Objective : This research aims to determine the chemical compound content found in the simplicia and ethanol extract of gagatan harimau leaves, as well as to test the antibacterial activity of gagatan harimau leaf fractions and conduct TLC-Bioautography analysis. Methods : This research includes the characterization of the simplicia of gagatan harimau leaves, phytochemical screening tests, extraction using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, antibacterial activity testing using the agar diffusion method with paper discs, and TLC analysis using the bioautography method. Results : The characterization results of the simplicia showed a moisture content of 6.60%, water-soluble extract content of 11.21%, ethanol-soluble extract content of 8.49%, total ash content of 3.81%, and acid-insoluble ash content of 0.77%. The chemical compounds found in the simplicia and ethanol extract of gagatan harimau leaves include alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and glycosides. The results of the antibacterial activity test show that the ethyl acetate fraction and the residual fraction exhibit activity against E. coli at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. The n-hexane fraction did not show antibacterial activity against E. coli. The results of the TLC screening indicate that the ethyl acetate fraction contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, and glycosides. The results of the TLC-Bioautography showed positive outcomes for tannin compounds with an Rf value of 0.7 and glycoside compounds with an Rf value of 0.83, which exhibited inhibitory activity against E.coli bacteria. Conclusion : The fraction of etilasetat from the leaves of the gagatan harimau (Ampelocissus thysiflora (Blume) Planch.) has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.

Keywords: Ampelociccus thyrsiflora, antibacterial, TLC-Bioautography, Escherichia coli