Potensi Bakteri Penghasil Biosurfaktan Dari Limbah Cair Industri Kelapa Sawit Dalam Mendegradasi Minyak Goreng Bekas

Abstract

The increasing need for cooking oil as a food ingredient has resulted in an increase in the amount of used cooking oil produced, causing pollution which has negative effects on health and the environment. This research aims to obtain bacterial isolates from liquid waste of the palm oil industry to degrade used cooking oil. In this study, 22 bacterial isolates were isolated on the Bushnell-Haas Agar (BHA) medium added with 1% (b/v) used cooking oil as a carbon source. Characterization was based on morphology of the colony potential and biochemical tests, EI24 (Emulsification Index) value was used as to screen the isolates. Among 22 isolates, the best 5 were selected for further study, the ability to degrade used cooking oil. Showed that five isolate with the highest value of EI24 was shown by BN9 with EI24 was 44,06%, meanwhile isolate BN8 had the lowest value of EI24 with 0,35%. The microscopic image of emulsion droplets from bn9 showed a larger size and dense distribution compare to the lowest EI24 from BN8. Five isolates with the highest EI24 were selected forfurtherstudy which was oil biodegrading test. The highest cell growth was obtained on isolate BN9 with population of 2.98 × 1010 cells/ml on day 15. The highest biosurfactant production was shown by isolate BN9 with a concentration of 123.7 ppm on day 5 while the lowest one was isolate BN7 with a concentration of 16.51 ppm on day 15. Isolate BN9 was the best isolate in decomposition of used cooking oil with percent degradation was 78,21%, and this result is in line with its population as with as its biosurfactant activity. The result of this study indicated that the BN9 isolate has the potential to be further developed as a bioremediation agent.