Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Metanol Akar Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia) terhadap Beberapa Bakteri dan Jamur Patogen Manusia

Abstract

Infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms are generally treated with antibiotics; however, inappropriate of antibiotics use can lead to resistance, in turn other antimicrobial agents need to be develope. Many antimicrobial agents have been developed from plant compounds, including Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia). This study aims to analyze the chemical compounds in Sidaguri root methanol extract and evaluate its antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, and C. albicans. The root extract was obtained using a maceration method with methanol as the solvent. Phytochemical screening showed that the methanol extract of Sidaguri root contains flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids. Six antimicrobial assays with concentrations of extract of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% and two controls i.e. a positive control (chloramphenicol for bacteria and chlorhexidine for C. albicans) and a negative control of sterile aquadest were applied in this study, The antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract was tested using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The extract showed inhibition against E. coli, B. cereus, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus at concentrations of 20%, 40% 60%, and 80% with inhibition zone of 11.01 mm, 9.6 mm, 8 mm, and 9.4 mm, respectively. However, no inhibition zone was observed against C. albicans, indicating that the extract was not effective in inhibiting its growth.