Kebutuhan Perawatan Periodontal pada Penghuni Laki-laki dan Perempuan di UPT Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Binjai

Abstract

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition caused by bacteria that affects the periodontal tissues or the supporting structures of the teeth. The two forms of periodontal disease are gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is characterized by redness, swelling, and sometimes bleeding of the gingiva. Periodontitis is an advanced form of gingivitis, marked by loss of attachment, periodontal pockets, and bleeding. Gender is one of the non-modifiable risk factors for periodontal disease. Hormonal imbalances in women and the higher prevalence of bad habits (smoking) in men contribute to the increased risk of periodontal disease. Age is another non-modifiable risk factor for periodontal disease. The risk of periodontal disease increases with age, and the elderly (over 60 years) are more vulnerable to periodontal disease. Aging causes morphological and functional changes in the oral cavity. Aging can lead to changes in the oral mucosa, such as decreased vascularity, reduced elastic fibers, making the mucosa less resilient and impairing the healing process of wounds. The aim of this study is to examine the differences in periodontal care needs between male and female residents at the Elderly Social Service Center in Binjai. This study uses an observational analytical method with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted at the Elderly Social Service Center in Binjai with a sample of 80 people, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Periodontal status and the need for periodontal treatment were assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) with a WHO probe. The results showed no significant difference in the care needs between male and female residents (p=0.483), with the periodontal status of male residents being slightly worse (scores 2 and 4) and having higher care needs (scores II and III) compared to female residents