Analisis Karakteristik Populasi M1 Tanaman Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi

Abstract

Sunflowers are horticultural plants with high economic value that are widely used as cut flowers and potted plants. High plant growth causes sunflower plants to fall easily during flowering and is difficult to plant in pots. Genetic improvement of sunflowers can be done by inducing mutations using gamma rays. The study aimed to analyze changes in the characteristics of the M1 population of sunflower plants resulting from gamma-ray irradiation based on morphological characters. The research was conducted in the research field of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra with an altitude of ± 32 meters above sea level. The research was conducted from December 2023 to April 2024. The method of analysis used in this study was descriptive statistical analysis and continued with t test analysis. The seeds used as samples were sunflower seeds of IPB BM 1 variety with gamma irradiation treatment doses of 0, 50 and 100 Gy. The results showed that the LD 50 value of sunflower variety IPB BM1 was 257.41 Gy and LD 20 was 133.07 Gy. In addition, the gamma irradiation treatment doses of 50 and 100 Gy showed differences with the 0 Gy treatment in the parameters of stem diameter, number of branches, flower tube diameter, flower diameter, leaf width, and flowering age but no difference in the parameters of leaf length. Gamma irradiation treatment at doses of 50 and 100 Gy also